Acids are the substances that yield H+ ions in aqeuous solutions while bases yield OH

Foundation

Chemistry Foundation

Theories of Acids and Bases

Question

Acids are the substances that yield H⁺ ions in aqeuous solutions while bases yield OH^–ions. In a neutral solution :

there are no H⁺ ions.

there are neither H⁺ nor OH^– ions.

there are no OH^– ions.

H⁺ and OH^– ions are present in very small but equal in number.

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In aqueous solutions, acids donate H⁺ ions and bases donate OH^– ions. Water itself undergoes autoionization: $H_{2} O ⇌ H^{+} + {OH}^{-}$ . This equilibrium means even pure, neutral water contains equal, very small concentrations of both ions (10^-7 M each). A neutral solution is defined by this equality: [H⁺] = [OH^–].

Final Answer: H⁺ and OH^– ions are present in very small but equal in number.