Engineering
Chemistry
Inert Pair Effect
Question
Aluminium is usually found in +3 oxidation state. In contrast, thallium exists in +1 and +3 oxidation states. This is due to:
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Solution
The outermost electron configuration of Tl is 6s26p1. The 6s electrons are strongly attracted towards the nucleus due to its more penetrating power and deshielding of d and f-electrons. Hence 6s electrons do not participate in bonding.