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Engineering

Physics

Viscosity

Question

Two important differences between viscous force and the friction force are that viscous force depends upon the temperature and the velocity profile of the liquid where as frictional force is usually independent of such things.

A drop of water falling in air acquires a slightly oval shape. The radius of curvature at its lowest point is greater than the radius of curvature at its top most point.

n drops of a liquid, each with surface energy E, join to form a single drop. The amount of energy released in the process is proportional to (n – n^2/3).

A tensile force F is used to stretch a wire of length L by an amount ℓ. The heat produced in the process is $\frac{Fℓ}{2}$ .

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ΔE = nE – E'
$n \frac{4}{3} {πr}^{3} = \frac{4}{3} {πR}^{3} \Rightarrow R = n^{\frac{1}{3}} r$
$\Rightarrow E^{'} = T . 4 {πn}^{2 / 3} r^{2} \Rightarrow E^{'} = n^{2 / 3} E$
⇒ Energy stored $= \frac{1}{2} Fℓ$
Total work done = Fℓ
Heat produced = Fℓ – Fℓ/2 = Fℓ/2
⇒ Due to effect of gravity.

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