Consider the following reactions
The products M and Y respectively are
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The first reaction involves a Grignard reagent (CH₃MgBr) reacting with CO₂, followed by acid hydrolysis. This is a standard method to prepare carboxylic acids. The product M is benzoic acid (C₆H₅COOH).
The second reaction is the Cannizzaro reaction, which occurs with aldehydes lacking alpha-hydrogens. Benzaldehyde undergoes disproportionation in concentrated NaOH to give benzyl alcohol (C₆H₅CH₂OH) and benzoate salt, which upon acidification gives benzoic acid (C₆H₅COOH). Therefore, product Y is also benzoic acid.
Final Answer: Both M and Y are (Benzoic acid).