The given sentence expresses the incident that has happened in the past and a caution or warning is posed in order to overcome such condition. Therefore a past modal verb of ability is needed to use it as hypothetically, to talk about things that really didn't happen in the past.

Option A is the correct answer because it contains "could have + past participle" means that something was possible in the past, or you had the ability to do something in the past, but you didn't do it.

Whereas, option B, C and D do not have the expression that is needed in the sentence, because option C shows something wasn't a good idea, but you did it anyway; option D goes same as option C but with stronger sense; option B shows what was possible, which does not suit the given sentence.