The electrons identified by quantum numbers n and ℓ :
(a) n = 4, ℓ = 1 (b) n = 4, ℓ = 0
(c) n = 3, ℓ = 2 (d) n = 3 , ℓ = 1
can be placed in order of increasing energy as :
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Value of (n + ℓ)
(a) n = 4, ℓ = 1 4p 4 + 1 = 5
(b) n = 4, ℓ = 0 4s 4 + 0 = 4
(c) n = 3, ℓ = 2 3d 3 + 2 = 5
(d) n = 3, ℓ = 1 3p 3 + 1 = 4
orbital having more (n + ℓ) value has more energy if value of (n + ℓ) is same then orbital having lower value of n has less energy.
3p < 4s < 3d < 4p
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