Engineering
Physics
Surface Tension
Question

The space between two large horizontal metal plates, 6 cm apart, is filled with a liquid of viscosity 0.8NSm2. A thin plate of surface area 0.01 m2 is moved parallel to the length of the plate such that the plate is at a distance of 2cm from one of the plates and 4 cm from the other. If the plate moves with a constant speed of 1 ms–1, then the net force exerted by fluid on moving plate is:

0.6 N forwards

0.2 N backwards

0.2 N backwards

0.6 N backwards

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Solution
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The profile of the velocity of fluid is as shown in the following figure

The velocity of the layer of fluid, which is in contact with metal plates (fixed), is zero. As we move towards the centre from either plate, the velocity of the layer of fluid increases, and it becomes maximum at the location of moving plate. This maximum value is same as that of the velocity of the plate.
The force experienced by the plate due to fluid is shown in the following figure.

F1 is the force exerted by the layer in contact with plate on upper side and F2 is the force exerted by the layer in contact with the plate on lower side.

F1=ηA×v4cm=0.8×0.01×10.04=0.2N

Where v is the velocity of layer in contact with plate.

F2=ηA×v2cm=0.8×0.01×10.02=0.2N=0.4N

Total force, F = F1 + F2 = 0.6 N in backward direction.

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