Engineering
Physics
Equilibrium
Surface Tension and Surface Energy
Equilibrium of Forces
Question

There is a horizontal film of soap solution. On it a thread is placed in the form of a loop. The film is pierced inside the loop and the thread becomes a circular loop of radius R. If the surface tension of the loop be T, then what will be the tension in the thread?

2RT

πR2T

πR2/T

2πRT

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Solution
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When the film inside the loop is pierced, the surface tension acts along the circumference of the loop. The force due to surface tension is T per unit length. For a circular loop of radius R, the total length is the circumference, 2πR. The tension in the thread must balance this force. Therefore, the tension is equal to the total force from surface tension, which is T×2πR.

Final answer: 2πRT