Engineering
Chemistry
Distinction tests
Test of Cations and Anions
Question

A colorless aqueous solution contains nitrates of two metals, X and Y. When it was added to an aqueous solution of NaCl, a white precipitate was formed. This precipitate was found to be partly soluble in hot water to give a residue P and a solution Q. The residue P was soluble in aq. NH3 and also in excess sodium thiosulfate. The hot solution Q gave a yellow precipitate with KI. The metals X and Y, respectively, are

Ag and Pb

Cd and Pb

Cd and Zn

Ag and Cd

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Solution

X : Ag              P : AgCl

Y : Pb              Q : PbCl2

(P)        (excess)            clear solution

AgCl + 2Na2S2O3 solution → Na3 [Ag(S2O3)2] + NaCl

(P)        (excess)                  clear solution

PbCl2     +      2KI → PbI2    +   2KCl

Hot solution                  (yellow ppt)

(Q)