Concept Explanation: Types of Isomerism

The given image shows two structural formulas: CH₃-CH₂-O-CH₂-CH₃ (diethyl ether) and CH₃-O-CH₂-CH₂-CH₃ (methyl propyl ether). These compounds have the same molecular formula (C₄H₁₀O) but differ in the arrangement of atoms.

Step-by-Step Analysis:

Step 1: Identify the molecular formula. Both compounds are C₄H₁₀O, confirming they are isomers.

Step 2: Check the functional group. Both have an ether functional group (-O-), so they are not functional isomers.

Step 3: Examine the carbon skeleton. Both have a 4-carbon chain, but the alkyl groups attached to the oxygen atom are different:

First compound: Two ethyl groups (CH₃CH₂-)
Second compound: One methyl (CH₃-) and one propyl (CH₃CH₂CH₂-) group

Step 4: Since they differ in the nature of alkyl groups attached to the same functional group (ether), they are classified as metamers.

Final Answer: Metamers

Related Topics:

Structural Isomerism: Compounds with the same molecular formula but different connectivity of atoms.
Chain Isomers: Differ in the arrangement of the carbon skeleton (e.g., straight chain vs. branched).
Position Isomers: Differ in the position of the functional group or substituent.
Functional Isomers: Differ in the functional group (e.g., alcohol vs. ether).

Key Formulae and Theory:

Definition of Metamers: These are a type of structural isomer where compounds have the same molecular formula and functional group but differ in the alkyl groups attached to the same multivalent atom (like O, N, or S). Commonly found in ethers, amines, and esters.

General formula for ethers: R-O-R', where R and R' are alkyl groups. If R ≠ R', they can have metamerism.

Example: $CH 3 -O-CH 2 CH 3 and CH 3 CH 2 -O-CH 2 CH 3 are metamers.$