Engineering
Physics
SI Units
Liquid Pressure
BernoulIis Equation and Equation of Continuity
Question

Water is forced out of a fire extinguisher by air pressure as shown in figure. The gauge pressure of air required in the tank so that water jet comes out with a speed of 30 m/s when the water level in the tank is 0.5 m below the nozzle, is [Take g = 10 m/s2, P0 = 105 N/m2, ρwater = 103 Kg/m3.]

4.55 × 105 N/m2

4.45 × 105 N/m2

5.55 × 105 N/m2

5.45 × 105 N/m2

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Solution
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Let air absolute pressure is P, then apply Bernaulli’s theorem just on surface of water and just outside the nozzle.

P+0+0=P0+ρv22+ρgh

Where h = 0.5 m and level of water is taken as reference level for potential energy head.

P-P0=ρv22+ρgh

103×3022+103×10×0.5=4.55×105 N/m2

P – P0 is representing the required gauge pressure.