Engineering
Physics
Electric Flux and Gauss Law and its Applications
Electric Potential Energy and Electric Potential
Electric Dipole
Question

Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?

if the electric field due to a point charge varies as r–2.5 instead of r–2, then the Gauss law will still be valid.

If the electric field between two point charges is zero somewhere, then the sign of the two charges is the same.

The Gauss law can be used to calculate the field distribution around an electric dipole.

The work done by the external force in moving a unit positive charge from point A at potential VA to point B at potential VB is (VB – VA).

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Solution

Let's evaluate each statement:

1. Gauss's law E·dA=qencϵ0 is fundamental and independent of the r-2.5 dependence. It remains valid for any field.

2. For two like charges (same sign), the electric field can be zero on the line joining them, but only if they are unequal. For two equal like charges, the field is never zero between them. This statement is not always correct.

3. Gauss's law is not useful for a dipole because the net enclosed charge is zero, giving no information about the non-uniform field distribution.

4. The work done by an external force is W=q(VB-VA). For a unit positive charge (q=1), this is indeed (VB-VA).

Final Answer: Only statements 1 and 4 are correct.